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Basic HTML5 page

HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.


What is HTML?



  • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.

  • HTML describes the structure of a Web page.

  • HTML consists of a series of elements.

  • HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content.

  • HTML elements are represented by tags.

  • HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on.

  • Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of the page.


A Simple HTML Document



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
   <meta charset="UTF-8">
   <title>Basic page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

Example Explained

  • The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines this document to be HTML5.

  • The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page.

  • The <head> element contains meta information about the document.

  • The <title> element specifies a title for the document.

  • The <body> element contains the visible page content.

  • The <h1> element defines a large heading.

  • The <p> element defines a paragraph.


HTML Tags



HTML tags are element names surrounded by angle brackets:

<tagname>content goes here...</tagname>
  • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <p> and </p>.

  • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag.

  • The end tag is written like the start tag, but with a forward slash inserted before the tag name.

Pro Tip:

The start tag is also called the opening tag, and the end tag the closing tag.


HTML Page Structure



Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:

visualization of an HTML page structure.png

Pro Tip:

Only the content inside the <body> section (the white area above) is displayed in a browser.


The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration



The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and helps browsers to display web pages correctly.

It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML tags).

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:

<!DOCTYPE html>

 For more information, see this  HTML article.


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